https://www.cybrary.it/video/network-structure-configuration/#

network Types

• Extranet (Perimet network, DMZ)
• Internet
• Intranet

1. Intranet

• Private network
• Created by an company to host internal resources
• Isolated network
• Protected by firewalls or proxies

2. Internet

• Global networks of interconnected network devises
• Not controlled by any organization
• Networks relying on protocols to send information
• commercial and private organization by an IP

3. Extranet (Perimeter network, DMZ)

• Extension of an intranet
• Allows the organization that created the extranet to share resources outside the intranet
• Owned by the organization that created it

4. Network Optimization

• Load Balance
• Bandwidth
• Latency
• Compression
• Caching

1. Load Balancing 

• Distributes requests across devises
• Used to lightening the load

2. Bandwidth

• Bandwidth is the speed of the network
• 10MB/Sec = 10MB is the bandwidth
• 100Mb/Sec = 100MB is the bandwidth

3. Latency

• Latency is the time delay while data is being sent

4. Compression

• Shrinking a file
• ZIP and RR are common file extensions types

5. Caching

• Allows for a storage of frequently accessed data
• Servers typically have a cash that allows a temporary storage of internet files for quick recall

Network Ports and Protocols

• Common Ports =

File Tranfser Protocol (FTP)   20&21/TCP

Telnet                                            23/TCP

Secure Shell (SSH)                      22/TCP

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) 25/TCP

Domain Name Sarver         53/TCP UDP

Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP)    67&68/UDP

Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)    69/UDP

Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)    80/TCP

Post Office Protocol    (POP3)    110/TCP

Network News Transport Protocol (NNTP)      119/TCP

Network Time Protocol (NTP)                            123/UDP

Internet Message access Protocol (IMAP4) 143/TCP UDP

Simpel Network Management Protocol (SNMT) 161&162/TCP UDP

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) 389/TCP UDP

Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) 443/TCP UDP

Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) 3389/TCP UDP

Routing and Switching

• Network Address Translation (NAT)
• Port Address Translation (PAT)
• Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN)
• Routing Tables

1. Network Address Translation (NAT)

• Allows a network to share one IP in the internet

2. Port Address Translation (PAT)

• Provide many internal devises mapping of a single internal IP address

Provide many internal devises mapping of a single internal IP address

3. Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN)

Virtual LANs to create a logical Separation on a physical network

VLANs are usually created in a switch

4. Routing Tables

Table that are stored on the router

Used to route network packets

Contains information about the internal network and the next hop